Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781133939146
Author: Katz, Debora M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 74PQ
To determine
To check whether the changes in volume, pressure and temperature in the adiabatic process are correctly predicted by the equations
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1.50 moles of a monatomic ideal gas goes isothermally from state 1 to state 2. P1 = 2.8×105 Pa, V1 = 88 m3, and P2 = 6.6×105 Pa. What is the volume in state 2, in m3?
Your answer needs to have 2 significant figures, including the negative sign in your answer if needed. Do not include the positive sign if the answer is positive. No unit is needed in your answer, it is already given in the question statement.
The free energy is defined as follows:
av (k₂1)³2
5/2
F = Nk, Tin
N
Here, Nis the number of particles of gas, Vis the volume of the gas, I is the
k₂
temperature of the gas, is the Boltzmann constant, and is the constant.
What is the internal energy of the gas?
(a) - NKT
(b)-NK, I
(c) Nk T
(d) ——— Nk¸T
An ideal gas, initially at a pressure of 9.7 ×105 Pa and a temperature of 286 K, is allowed to expand adiabatically until its volume doubles. What is the gas’s final temperature, in kelvin, if the gas is monatomic? What is the gas’s final pressure, in pascals, if the gas is diatomic?
Chapter 21 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 21.2 - Incorrect. Heat is not contained in Texas. The...Ch. 21.3 - In each situation listed, an objects temperature...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 21.3CECh. 21.4 - Prob. 21.4CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.5CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.6CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.7CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.8CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.9CECh. 21 - Prob. 1PQ
Ch. 21 - Prob. 2PQCh. 21 - You extend an impromptu invitation to a friend for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 4PQCh. 21 - Prob. 5PQCh. 21 - Prob. 6PQCh. 21 - Prob. 7PQCh. 21 - Prob. 8PQCh. 21 - Prob. 9PQCh. 21 - Prob. 10PQCh. 21 - Prob. 11PQCh. 21 - Prob. 12PQCh. 21 - Prob. 13PQCh. 21 - Prob. 14PQCh. 21 - Prob. 15PQCh. 21 - Prob. 16PQCh. 21 - Prob. 17PQCh. 21 - Prob. 18PQCh. 21 - Prob. 19PQCh. 21 - From Table 21.1, the specific heat of milk is 3.93...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21PQCh. 21 - Prob. 22PQCh. 21 - An ideal gas is confined to a cylindrical...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24PQCh. 21 - You place frozen soup (T = 17C) in a microwave...Ch. 21 - A 25-g ice cube at 0.0C is heated. After it first...Ch. 21 - Prob. 27PQCh. 21 - Prob. 28PQCh. 21 - Prob. 29PQCh. 21 - Prob. 30PQCh. 21 - Consider the latent heat of fusion and the latent...Ch. 21 - Prob. 32PQCh. 21 - Prob. 33PQCh. 21 - A thermodynamic cycle is shown in Figure P21.34...Ch. 21 - Prob. 35PQCh. 21 - Figure P21.36 shows a cyclic thermodynamic process...Ch. 21 - Figure P21.37 shows a PV diagram for a gas that is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 38PQCh. 21 - Prob. 39PQCh. 21 - Prob. 40PQCh. 21 - Prob. 41PQCh. 21 - Prob. 42PQCh. 21 - Prob. 43PQCh. 21 - Prob. 44PQCh. 21 - Figure P21.45 shows a cyclic process ABCDA for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 46PQCh. 21 - Prob. 47PQCh. 21 - Prob. 48PQCh. 21 - Prob. 49PQCh. 21 - Prob. 50PQCh. 21 - Prob. 51PQCh. 21 - Prob. 52PQCh. 21 - Prob. 53PQCh. 21 - Prob. 54PQCh. 21 - Prob. 55PQCh. 21 - You extend an impromptu invitation to a friend for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 57PQCh. 21 - Prob. 58PQCh. 21 - A lake is covered with ice that is 2.0 cm thick....Ch. 21 - A concerned mother is dressing her child for play...Ch. 21 - Prob. 61PQCh. 21 - Prob. 62PQCh. 21 - Prob. 63PQCh. 21 - Prob. 64PQCh. 21 - Prob. 65PQCh. 21 - Prob. 66PQCh. 21 - Prob. 67PQCh. 21 - Prob. 68PQCh. 21 - Three 100.0-g ice cubes initially at 0C are added...Ch. 21 - Prob. 70PQCh. 21 - Prob. 71PQCh. 21 - Prob. 72PQCh. 21 - Prob. 73PQCh. 21 - Prob. 74PQCh. 21 - Prob. 75PQCh. 21 - Prob. 76PQCh. 21 - Prob. 77PQCh. 21 - Prob. 78PQCh. 21 - How much faster does a cup of tea cool by 1C when...Ch. 21 - The PV diagram in Figure P21.80 shows a set of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 81PQCh. 21 - Prob. 82PQCh. 21 - Prob. 83PQCh. 21 - Prob. 84PQCh. 21 - Prob. 85PQ
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- The mean free path λ and the mean collision time T of molecules of a diatomic gas with molecular mass 6.00 x10^-25 kg and radius r=1.0x10^-10m are measured.From these microscopic data we can obtain macroscopic properties such as temperature T and pressure P? If yes, consider λ=4.32x10^-8m and T=3.00x10^-10s and calculate T and P.a)It's not possible.b)Yes,T=150K and P~2.04atm.c)Yes,T=150K and P~4.08atm.d)Yes,T=300K and P~4.08atm.e)Yes,T=300K and P~5.32atmf)Yes,T=400K and P~4.08atmg)Yes,T=400K and P~5.32atm.arrow_forwardCompressed air can be pumped underground into huge caverns as a form of energy storage. The volume of a cavern is 6.3 x 105 m³, 5 and the pressure of the air in it is 7.4 × 106 Pa. Assume that air is a diatomic ideal gas whose internal energy U is given by U = nRT. If one home uses 30.0 kWh of energy per day, how many homes could this internal energy serve for one day?arrow_forwardIn the simple kinetic theory of a gas we discussed in class, the molecules are assumed to be point-like objects (without any volume) so that they rarely collide with one another. In reality, each molecule has a small volume and so there are collisions. Let's assume that a molecule is a hard sphere of radius r. Then the molecules will occasionally collide with each other. The average distance traveled between two successive collisions (called mean free path) is λ = V/(4π √2 r2N) where V is the volume of the gas containing N molecules. Calculate the mean free path of a H2 molecule in a hydrogen gas tank at STP. Assume the molecular radius to be 10-10 a) 2.1*10-7 m b) 4.2*10-7 m c) none of these.arrow_forward
- Air modeled as an ideal gas enters a well-insulated diffuser operating at steady state at 270 K with a velocity of 180 m/s and exits with a velocity of 48.4 m/s. For negligible potential energy effects, determine the exit temperature, in K. Air = 270 K T₁ V₁ = 180 m/s Qcv = 0 Diffuser Wcv = 0 2 V₂ = 48.4 m/sarrow_forward1.50 moles of a monatomic ideal gas goes isothermally from state 1 to state 2. P1 = 2.4×105 Pa, V1 = 64 m3, and P2 = 7.4×105 Pa. What is the volume in state 2, in m3?arrow_forwardThe diagram below depicts an ideal monatomic gas which is compressed isobarically at p = 1.38×10° Pa from state A (V = 6.32×10 m³) to 6 3 3 state B (V=3.7x10 m³) where its temperature becomes T = 305°C. Its pressure is then increased at constant volume from state B to C and finally expanded isothermally until it returns to its initial state A. How much work is done by the gas and what is its temperature when it expanded during the isothermal process? C Pc B PA = PB A VB = VC VA The temperature of the gas during the Isothermal process is 247.8 K and the work done by the gas is 2.734 kJ. The temperature of the gas during the isothermal process is 987.5°C and the work. done by the gas is 2573 kl. The temperature of the gas during the isothermal process is 714.4°C and the work done by the gas is 4.669 kJ. The temperature of the gas during the isothermal process is 521.0 K and the work done by the gas is 1358 kJ.arrow_forward
- The heat engine shown in the figure uses 2.0 mol of a monatomic gas as the working substance. (Figure 1) Figure p (kPa) 600 400 200 0 0 0.025 0.050 V (m³) 1 of 1 Determine T₁, T2, and T3. Enter your answers numerically separated by commas. Express your answer using two significant figures. T₁, T2, T3 Submit ✓ Correct Part B 600,1800,1200 K Previous Answers Determine AEth, Ws, and Q for 1-2. Enter your answers numerically separated by commas. Express your answer using two significant figures. 15. ΑΣΦ AEth, Ws, Q = 30, 12.5,42.5 Submit Previous Answers Request Answer X Incorrect; Try Again; 5 attempts remaining ? Jarrow_forwardA mole of a monatomic ideal gas is heated until it reaches a temperature of 216 °C . If the change in internal energy is 147 J, calculate the initial average kinetic energy of the gas. [Boltzmann constant, ke: 1.38 X 1023 J K-1] Select one: O 9.9e-21 J O 3.4e-21 J O 1.7e-20 J O 2.4e-22 Jarrow_forwardTwo perfectly rigid containers each hold the same amount of n moles of ideal gas. The first container has a monoatomic gas in it. It takes 7. x 103 Joules of heat to change the temperature of the monoatomic gas from 300 K to 500 K. How much heat will be needed to change the temperature of the diatomic gas in the second container from 100 K to 400 K? Let R = 8.314 J/moles · K.arrow_forward
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