Chapter 1, Problem 1CS

A large population of Japanese beetles infests a plot of cropland. In response to the infesta tion, farmers treat the land with organochlorine pesticides. As a result of the treatment, the population of Japanese beetles is eradicated within the cropland, along with the popula- tions of multiple other insect species. Which of the following statements explains the most likely reason for the death of so many insect populations? Organochlorine pesticides are persistent organic pollutants that interfere with the respi- ratory system of the insect populations. Organochlorine pesticides are endocrine disruptors that interfere with the growth hor- mones of the insect populations. Organochlorine pesticides are persistent organic pollutants and interfere with the re- productive organs of the insect populations. Organochlorine pesticides are endocrine disruptors that interfere with the transmission of nerve impulses, resulting in spasms, seizures, and death of the insect populations.

Temperature 4 °C 21 °C 30 °C 37 °C 90 °C Absorbance at zero min 1.300 0.952 0.876 0.914 0.903 Absorbance after 10 min of incubation 1.160 0.743 0.042 0.016 0.758 Aomin – A10min 0.140 0.209 0.834 0.898 0.145 Enzyme activity in 10 min (umoles) Enzyme activity (umoles pyruvate/min) CALCULATIONS: show calculations Where extinction coefficient is 6.22 x 103

On the occasion of World Health Day, Dr. Satpal organized a ‘health camp’ for the poor farmers living in a nearby village. After check-up, he was shocked to see that most of the farmers suffered from cancer due to regular exposure to pesticides and many were diabetic. They distributed free medicines to them. Dr. Satpal immediately reported the matter to the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC). On the suggestions of NHRC, the government decided to provide medical care, financial assistance, setting up of superspeciality hospitals for treatment and prevention of the deadly disease in the affected villages all over India. (i) Write the values shown by (a) Dr. Satpal (b) NHRC. (ii) What type of analgesics are chiefly used for the relief of pain of terminal cancer? (iii) Give an example of artificial sweetener that could have been recommended to diabetic patients.