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Which of the following are priorities in the acute management of DKA and HHNKS?
Question 74 options:
a)
Long-acting IV insulin to correct glucose over a longer period of time and to prevent cerebral edema, neurovitals every hour to monitor neurological status
b)
Fluid rehydration, correction of hyperglycemia, monitoring and correcting electrolytes
c)
Mannitol or 3% saline to prevent cerebral edema as part of fluid rehydration, sodium bicarbonate for
d)
Gradual fluid rehydration, aggressive correction of hyperglycemia, and correcting sodium levels
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- A client is receiving parenteral nutrition. A nurse assessing the client for complications of the therapy will be looking for which of the following indicates hyperglycemia? Question 34 options: a) Coarse dry hair, weakness and fatigue b) Thirst, blurred vision, and diuresis c) Fatigue, increased sweating, and heat intolerance d) High-grade fever, chills, and decreased urine output A client is receiving parenteral nutrition. A nurse assessing the client for complications of the therapy will be looking for which of the following that indicates hyperglycemia? Question 34 options: a) Coarse dry hair, weakness and fatigue b) Thirst, blurred vision, and diuresis c) Fatigue, increased sweating, and heat intolerance d) High-grade fever, chills, and decreased urine outputA nurse is educating a patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus about self-management of their condition. Which of the following pieces of advice is most critical for the nurse to convey to the patient to prevent acute complications?A) Inspect your feet daily for any cuts, blisters, or sores.B) Maintain a regular exercise routine, aiming for at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity per week.C) Monitor your blood glucose levels at home using a glucometer.D) Make dietary changes to include a variety of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.When monitoring for the therapeutic effects of intranasal desmopressin (DDAVP) in a patient who has diabetes insipidus, which assessment finding will the nurse look for as an indication that the medication therapy is successful? a) Increased insulin levelsb )Decreased diarrheac )Improved nasal patencyd )Decreased thirs
- Extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic medications include: Question 48 options: a) Weight gain, obesity and increased prolactin levels b) Dystonia and tardive dyskinesia c) Anxiety and sweating d) Depression and sexual dysfunctionDuring assessment of a patient who is receiving digoxin, the nurse monitors for findings that would indicate an increased possibility of toxicity, such as:a) apical pulse rate of 62 beats/min.b) digoxin level of 1.5 ng/mL.c) serum potassium level of 2.0 mEq/L.d) serum calcium level of 9.9 mEq/L.A patient is prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for the management of pain and inflammation. The nurse educates the patient about potential adverse effects of NSAIDs, including: a) Hypoglycemia and hyperlipidemia b) Hypotension and bradycardia c) Gastric ulceration and renal dysfunction d) Allergic reactions and bronchospasm
- After a nebulizer treatment with the beta agonist albuterol, the patient complains of feeling a little “shaky,” with slight tremors of the hands. The patient’s heart rate is 98 beats/min, increased from the pretreatment rate of 88 beats/min. The nurse knows that this reaction is ana) expected adverse effect of the medication.b) allergic reaction to the medicationc indication that he has received an overdose of the medication.d) idiosyncratic reaction to the medication.pathophysiology Categorize the clinical manifestations and diagnostic lab values most associated with hyperosmolar coma vs. diabetic ketoacidosis Answer options: Decreased level of consciousness caused by osmotic cell shriveling Insulin is low Ketoacids Decreased level of consciousness caused by decreased pH Blood glucose >600 mg/dL Insulin is absent Blood glucose of 300 to 600 mg/dL No ketoacidsA patient experiencing ethanol withdrawal is beginning to show severe manifestations of delirium tremens. The nurse will plan to implement which interventions for this patient? (Select all that apply.) a )Doses of an oral benzodiazepineb )Doses of an intravenous benzodiazepine c) Restraints if the patient becomes confused, agitated, or a threat to himself or othersd )Thiamine supplementatione )Oral disulfiram (Antabuse) treatment f ) Monitoring in the intensive care unit
- A patient will be taking selegiline (Eldepryl), 10 mg daily, in addition to dopamine replacement therapy for Parkinson’s disease. The nurse will implement which precautions regarding selegiline? a )Teach the patient to avoid foods containing tyramine.b )Monitor for dizziness.c )Inform the patient that this drug may cause urine discoloration.d )Monitor for tachycardia and palpitations.The nurse would consider which of the following assessment findings as an adverse effect of sulfonylurea therapy? Question 70 options: a) Weight loss b) Hypoglycemia c) Gastrointestinal distress d) Lactic acidosisTeaching around preventing or delaying complications should include: options: a) Maintaining HgbA1C < 8%, avoiding high fat foots, exercising daily b) Maintaining blood sugar levels between 4 -10 mmol/L, exercising daily, use of subcutaneous insulin c) Maintaining HgbA1C <7%, decreasing other risk factors for diabetic complications, identifying and treating complications d) Avoiding a high protein diet, 1 hour of exercise daily, testing blood glucose regularly.