Juvenile Diabetes Treatment Exercise 2.22 introduces a study examining the effectiveness of the drug teplizumab at delaying orpreventing the onset of juvenile diabetes (also called Type 1 diabetes). The results are shown in the table below.TeplizumabControlTotaltoDiabetes162642Save for LaterNo diabetes221234Total38(a) Using P, to represent the proportion in the control group who developed diabetes and p₂ to represent the proportion in theteplizumab group who developed diabetes, find the sample difference in proportions, P - P₂. Round to three decimal places.i(b) Find a 99% confidence interval for the difference in proportions p₁ - P₂. Round to three decimal places.i3876(c) What is the best estimate for the difference in proportions? Round to three decimal places.iWhat is the margin of error for this estimate? Round to three decimal places.(d) Can we be confident, at the 99% level, that the new drug teplizumab is more effective than the control?

The effectiveness of the drug teplizumab at delaying or preventing the onset of juvenile diabetes.

Answered: Juvenile Diabetes Treatment Exercise…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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A recent study on the effects of Tamiflu looked into whether the antiviral medication can reduce the duration of the flu or not. To test this, researchers selected sample of 42 individuals recently diagnosed with the flu. Twenty-one of these individuals were given a placebo, and their average flu durations was 12.6 days (SD = 1.88). The remaining 21 subjects were given Tamiflu, and their average flu duration was 11.4 days (SD = 1.58). Did Tamiflu make reduce the duration of the flu? What is the effect size for this difference? state the null and alternavive hypthesis, aplha level of 0.05 please text the null hypthesis and draw the rejction region
As men age, their testosterone levels gradually decrease. This may cause a reduction in energy, an increase in fat, and other undesirable changes. Do testosterone supplements reverse some of these effects? A study in the Netherlands assigned 237 men aged 60 to 80 with low or low-normal testosterone levels to either a testosterone supplement or a placebo. Why is it necessary to include a control group in this experiment? Every experiment needs a control group in order to make proper comparisons between treatments. A control group is necessary to balance the effects of other variables among the treatment groups. A control group is necessary so any differences in the effects of the treatments can be distinguished from chance differences between the groups. A control group helps avoid confounding and reduces variability in the response variable. A control group is used to provide a baseline for comparing the effects of other treatments.
Bisphenol A in Your Soup CansBisphenol A (BPA) is in the lining of most canned goods, and recent studies have shown a positive association between BPA exposure and behavior and health problems. How much does canned soup consumption increase urinary BPA concentration? That was the question addressed in a recent study1 in which consumption of canned soup over five days was associated with a more than 1000% increase in urinary BPA. In the study, 75 participants ate either canned soup or fresh soup for lunch for five days. On the fifth day, urinary BPA levels were measured. After a two-day break, the participants switched groups and repeated the process. The difference in BPA levels between the two treatments was measured for each participant. The study reports that a 95% confidence interval for the difference in means (canned minus fresh) is 19.6 to 25.5 μg/L. (a) Is this a randomized comparative experiment or a matched pairs experiment? Randomized comparative experiment…
Side effects of Avandia - Rosiglitazone is the active ingredient in the controversial type 2 diabetes medicine Avandia and has been linked to an increased risk of serious cardiovascular problems such as stroke, heart failure, and death. A common alternative treatment is pioglitazone, the active ingredient in a diabetes medicine called Actos. In a nationwide retrospective observational study of 227,571 Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older, it was found that 2,593 of the 67,593 patients using rosiglitazone and 5,386 of the 159,978 using pioglitazone had serious cardiovascular problems. The data is summarized in the contingency table below. Cardiovascular problems Yes No Total Rosiglitazone 2,593 65,000 67,593 Pioglitazone 5,386 154,592 159,978 Total 7,979 219,592 227,571 1. What proportion of all patients had cardiovascular problems? Round your answer to four decimal places. 2. What is the difference in proportion of patients with cardiovascular problems between the…
5.75 Binge drinking. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention finds that 28% of people aged 18 to 24 years binge drank. Those who binge drank averaged 9.3 drinks per episode and 4.2 episodes per month. The study took a sample of over 18,000 people aged 18 to 24 years, so the population proportion of people who binge drank is very close to p = 0.28.23 The administration of your college surveys an SRS of 200 students and finds that 56 binge drink. (a) What is the sample proportion of students at your college who binge drink? (b) If, in fact, the proportion of all students on your campus who binge drink is the same as the national 28%, what is the probability that the proportion in an SRS of 200 students is as large or larger than the result of the administration's sample? (c) A writer for the student paper says that the percent of students who binge brink is higher on your campus than nationally. Write a short letter to the editor explaining why the survey does not support this…
A study was made of 1,057 cases of poisoning in children treated as inpatients at Milwaukee Children's Hospital from 1962 through 1968. Data on date of occurrence, age and sex of the child, and type of agent involved were recorded and analyzed by standard statistical methods. Poisoning was due to ingestion of aspirin in 35 per cent of the children studied and to the ingestion of hydrocarbon distillates in 18 per cent. A statistically significant male dominance was found for ingestion of hydrocarbons; age-specific peaks were found for some categories. Trends as to the relative and absolute frequencies of each specific poison from one year to the next were noted; possible reasons for increasing or decreasing trends are discussed. Is this study descriptive or inferential? Explain your answer. What are the variables used in the study? In your opinion, what level of measurement was used to obtain the data from the variables? Does the article define the population? If so, how is it…
The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations mandated that hospitals ban smoking by 1994. To study the effects of this ban on smoking behaviors, subjects were randomly selected from two different populations: those from hospitals with the ban and those from hospitals without the ban. Investigators were interested in determining if this smoking ban had any impact on the proportion of smokers employed at each hospital that then quit smoking. Let px be the proportion of smokers from hospitals that implemented the ban who quit smoking during the study period. Let py be the proportions of smokers from hospitals without the ban who quit smoking during the study period. Please select the appropriate hypotheses. H0: px = 0.50 HA: px ≠ 0.50 H0: px-py ≥ 0 HA: px-py H0: px-py ≤ 0 HA: px-py > 0 H0: px-py = 0 HA: px-py ≠ 0
Anemia (low healthy blood cells or hemoglobin) has an important role in exercise performance. However, the direct link between rapid changes of hemoglobin and exercise performance is still unknown. A study investigated 18 patients with a blood disorder (beta-thalassemia). Participants in the study performed an exercise test before and the day after receiving a blood transfusion. Data are given in the table. HB = Hemoglobin RER = Respiratory exchange ID Change in HB Obese RER > 1.1 ratio No No 1 -1.4 No -1.5 No Yes No Yes 3 -2 No 4 -2.1 No -1.9 Yes Yes No -1.6 -1.8 -0.8 6 7 No Yes No Yes 8 9. -1 No No -1.2 No Yes 10 11 No No -0.8 -1.5 12 Yes No No Yes 13 14 -1.4 -2.6 -1.7 No No Yes Yes 15 Yes No Yes Yes 16 -2.6 No 17 18 -2.7 -1.5 No
Researchers have noted a decline in cognitive functioning as people age (Bartus, 1990). However, the results from other research suggest that the antioxidants in foods such as blueberries may reduce and even reverse these age-related declines (Joseph et al., 1999). To examine this phenomenon, suppose that a researcher obtains a sample of n = 16 adults who are between the ages of 65 and 75. The researcher uses a standardized test to measure cognitive performance for each individual. The participants then begin a 2-month program in which they receive daily doses of a blueberry supplement. At the end of the 2-month period, the researcher again measures cognitive performance for each participant. The results show an average increase in performance of MD = 7.4 with SS = 1215. Does this result support the conclusion that the antioxidant supplement has a significant effect on cognitive performance? Use a two-tailed test with α = .05. Show your computations.
Researchers have noted a decline in cognitive functioning as people age (Bartus, 1990). However, the results from other research suggest that the antioxidants in foods such as blueberries may reduce and even reverse these age-related declines (Joseph et al., 1999). To examine this phenomenon, suppose that a researcher obtains a sample of n = 16 adults who are between the ages of 65 and 75. The researcher uses a standardized test to measure cognitive performance for each individual. The participants then begin a 2-month program in which they receive daily doses of a blueberry supplement. At the end of the 2-month period, the researcher again measures cognitive performance for each participant. The results show an average increase in performance of Mp = 7.4 with SS = 1215. a. Does this result support the conclusion that the antioxidant supplement has a significant effect on cognitive performance? Use a two-tailed test with a = = .05. (1) Ho: (Select] ( Select ] [ Select ] H: ( Select ] […
7. Maternal role adaptation was compared in a group of mothers of low birth-weight (LBW) infants who had been in an experimental intervention, mothers of LBW infants who were in a control group, and mothers of full-term infants. Using SPSS, researchers performed an ANOVA to see if there is a difference in adaptation between the groups. They got the following results: Adapt LBW-Exp LBW-Control Full-Term Total Adapt Adapt LSD Between Groups Within Groups Total (1) Group LBW-Exp LBW-Control N Full-Term 29 27 37 93 (J) Group LBW-Control Full-Termi LBW-Exp Full-Term LBW-Exp LBW-Control Mean Std. Deviation 14.97 4.844 18.33 5.166 14.84 3.708 15.89 4.747 Sum of Squares 226.932 1845.993 2072.925 Mean Difference (1- -3.368 .128 3.368 3.495 Descriptives Std. Error .899 .994 .610 492 Multiple Comparisons -.128 -3.495* *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. ANOVA df Std. Error 1.211 1.123 1.211 1.146 1.123 1.146 2 90 92 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound…
A team of epidemiologists at the Mayo Clinic wanted to find whether there is an association between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). They conducted a prospective cohort study following obese and non-obese individuals who were free of CVD at the beginning of study for five years. The investigators were also interested in assessing age as a potential confounder, effect modifier, or both. Use the data below to answer the accompanying questions. CVD No CVD Total Obese 10 90 100 Not Obese 35 465 500 Total 45 555 600 CVD No CVD Total Obese 36 164 200 Not Obese 25 175 200 Total 61 339 400 1. Compute the appropriate measure of association for those who were less than age 50. 2. Compute the appropriate measure of association for those who were older or equal to age 50. 3. Compute the crude measure of association? 4. List three attributes that age must satisfy before it could…

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