If the trait shown in the pedigree presented follows an X-linked mode of inheritance, what is the genotype of individual 4? 1 hemizygous recessive heterozygous none of the answer choices are correct homozygous recessive
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- A pedigree analysis was performed on the family of a man with schizophrenia. Based on the known concordance statistics, would his MZ twin be at high risk for the disease? Would the twins risk decrease if he were raised in an environment different from that of his schizophrenic brother?A couple was referred for genetic counseling because they wanted to know the chances of having a child with dwarfism. Both the man and the woman had achondroplasia (MIM 100800), the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The couple knew that this condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but they were unsure what kind of physical manifestations a child would have if it inherited both mutant alleles. They were each heterozygous for the FGFR3 (MIM 134934) allele that causes achondroplasia. Normally, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with growth factors outside the cell and receives signals that control growth and development. In achrodroplasia, a mutation alters the activity of the receptor, resulting in a characteristic form of dwarfism. Because both the normal and mutant forms of the FGFR3 protein act before birth, no treatment for achrondroplasia is available. The parents each carry one normal allele and one mutant allele of FGRF3, and they wanted information on their chances of having a homozygous child. The counsellor briefly reviewed the phenotypic features of individuals with achondroplasia. These include facial features (large head with prominent forehead; small, flat nasal bridge; and prominent jaw), very short stature, and shortening of the arms and legs. Physical examination and skeletal X-ray films are used to diagnose this condition. Final adult height is approximately 4 feet. Because achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, a heterozygote has a 1-in-2, or 50%, chance of passing this trait to his or her offspring. However, about 75% of those with achondroplasia have parents of average size who do not carry the mutant allele. In these cases, achondroplasia is due to a new mutation. In the couple being counseled, each individual is heterozygous, and they are at risk for having a homozygous child with two copies of the mutated gene. Infants with homozygous achondroplasia are either stillborn or die shortly after birth. The counselor recommended prenatal diagnosis via ultrasounds at various stages of development. In addition, a DNA test is available to detect the homozygous condition prenatally. What if the couple wanted prenatal testing so that a normal fetus could be aborted?A couple was referred for genetic counseling because they wanted to know the chances of having a child with dwarfism. Both the man and the woman had achondroplasia (MIM 100800), the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The couple knew that this condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but they were unsure what kind of physical manifestations a child would have if it inherited both mutant alleles. They were each heterozygous for the FGFR3 (MIM 134934) allele that causes achondroplasia. Normally, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with growth factors outside the cell and receives signals that control growth and development. In achrodroplasia, a mutation alters the activity of the receptor, resulting in a characteristic form of dwarfism. Because both the normal and mutant forms of the FGFR3 protein act before birth, no treatment for achrondroplasia is available. The parents each carry one normal allele and one mutant allele of FGRF3, and they wanted information on their chances of having a homozygous child. The counsellor briefly reviewed the phenotypic features of individuals with achondroplasia. These include facial features (large head with prominent forehead; small, flat nasal bridge; and prominent jaw), very short stature, and shortening of the arms and legs. Physical examination and skeletal X-ray films are used to diagnose this condition. Final adult height is approximately 4 feet. Because achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, a heterozygote has a 1-in-2, or 50%, chance of passing this trait to his or her offspring. However, about 75% of those with achondroplasia have parents of average size who do not carry the mutant allele. In these cases, achondroplasia is due to a new mutation. In the couple being counseled, each individual is heterozygous, and they are at risk for having a homozygous child with two copies of the mutated gene. Infants with homozygous achondroplasia are either stillborn or die shortly after birth. The counselor recommended prenatal diagnosis via ultrasounds at various stages of development. In addition, a DNA test is available to detect the homozygous condition prenatally. What is the chance that this couple will have a child with two copies of the dominant mutant gene? What is the chance that the child will have normal height?
- A couple was referred for genetic counseling because they wanted to know the chances of having a child with dwarfism. Both the man and the woman had achondroplasia (MIM 100800), the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The couple knew that this condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but they were unsure what kind of physical manifestations a child would have if it inherited both mutant alleles. They were each heterozygous for the FGFR3 (MIM 134934) allele that causes achondroplasia. Normally, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with growth factors outside the cell and receives signals that control growth and development. In achrodroplasia, a mutation alters the activity of the receptor, resulting in a characteristic form of dwarfism. Because both the normal and mutant forms of the FGFR3 protein act before birth, no treatment for achrondroplasia is available. The parents each carry one normal allele and one mutant allele of FGRF3, and they wanted information on their chances of having a homozygous child. The counsellor briefly reviewed the phenotypic features of individuals with achondroplasia. These include facial features (large head with prominent forehead; small, flat nasal bridge; and prominent jaw), very short stature, and shortening of the arms and legs. Physical examination and skeletal X-ray films are used to diagnose this condition. Final adult height is approximately 4 feet. Because achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, a heterozygote has a 1-in-2, or 50%, chance of passing this trait to his or her offspring. However, about 75% of those with achondroplasia have parents of average size who do not carry the mutant allele. In these cases, achondroplasia is due to a new mutation. In the couple being counseled, each individual is heterozygous, and they are at risk for having a homozygous child with two copies of the mutated gene. Infants with homozygous achondroplasia are either stillborn or die shortly after birth. The counselor recommended prenatal diagnosis via ultrasounds at various stages of development. In addition, a DNA test is available to detect the homozygous condition prenatally. Should the parents be concerned about the heterozygous condition as well as the homozygous mutant condition?Pedigree attached shows an autosomal recessive genetic disease. G is the normal allele and g is the disease-causing allele. Individual 1’s father is heterozygous (*) and his mother is homozygous dominant. Other individuals in the pedigree may be carriers, but are not marked. The question mark (?) indicates that you do not yet know anything about this individual’s phenotype with regard to the disease. part a) What is the probability that individuals 1 and 2 will have a child (5) who is a boy with the disease (the child is unborn and the sex is not yet known)? a)1/8 b)1/4 c)0 d)1/16 part b) What is the probability that the daughter (6) that individual 3 and 4 just had will have the disease? a)1/8 b)1/6 c)1/4 d)1/12Y-linked ㅁㅇ O ㅇㅁ In the pedigree shown, indicate whether each of the following inheritance patterns is possible by selecting YES or NO from the appropriate drop down menu. Autosomal Recessive Autosomal Dominant X-linked Recessive X-linked Dominant ◆ 마음 (>> 01
- In the human pedigree shown below, black filled symbols indicate individuals suffering from a rare genetic disease, whereas empty symbols represent people who do not have the disease. Based on the pedigree, what is the most likely mode of inheritance of this rare genetic disease? Hodo O X-linked dominant OX-linked recessive O Autosomal dominant O Autosomal recessive Y-linkedIn the human pedigree shown below, black filled symbols indicate individuals suffering from a rare genetic disease, whereas empty symbols represent people who do not have the disease. Based on the pedigree, what is the most likely mode of inheritance of this rare genetic disease? O Y-linked OX-linked dominant Autosomal recessive O Autosomal dominant OX-linked recessivePlease answer all of them, they are all connected. PEDIGREE ANALYSIS and SYMBOLOGY: Examine the pedigree which has X linked Dominant inheritance of disorder. Use letter X* (asterisk denotes disorder) as genotype of the individuals which can be XX, XY, X*X*, X*X and X*Y. a. What is the genotype of IV-6? b. What is the genotype of III-6? c. What is the genotype of II-3? d. What is the genotype of III-8? e. If couple I-1 and I-2 will have a son, what is the probability of having the disorder? f. If couple III-8 and III-9 will have another child, what is the probability of having the disorder? g. Theoretically, if individual IV-3 and individual IV-5 will marry and will have a child, what is the probability of having a child without the X-linked disorder?
- Refer to the pedigree below which shows inheritance for achondroplasia (dwarfism), a dominantly inherited trait (denoted as D), which are the darkened circles and squares. Dwarfism (darkened shapes) are dominantly inherited, while normal height is recessively inherited (hh). Based on the pedigree, what is the correct genotype for individual #II-6? Dominant Autosomal Pedigree 2 II 2 3 II 1 2 3 6 9 10 Dd DD DD or Dd ddConsider this pedigree showing an autosomal dominant rare disorder. What is the degree of penetrance? Show your work. na оп 16 19 fa 16 R 9XThis pedigree shows the segregation of a rare disease in a family. What is the most likely mode of inheritance of this disease? (assume complete penetrance) autosomal recessive autosomal dominant x-linked recessive x-linked dominant maternal imprinting paternal imprinting