The basic elements or molecules of cell signaling I. second messengers - substances that enhances or inhibits activities of other proteins II. effectors - are usually enzymes that catalyzes formation of the second messenger III. receptors - cell membrane transmembrane proteins that interacts with ligands outside the cell IV. first messengers - usually are ligands outside the cell and interacts with transmembrane protein receptors I, III, IV only II, III, IV only I, II, III, IV I, II, III only
The basic elements or molecules of cell signaling I. second messengers - substances that enhances or inhibits activities of other proteins II. effectors - are usually enzymes that catalyzes formation of the second messenger III. receptors - cell membrane transmembrane proteins that interacts with ligands outside the cell IV. first messengers - usually are ligands outside the cell and interacts with transmembrane protein receptors I, III, IV only II, III, IV only I, II, III, IV I, II, III only
Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Chapter9: Cell Communication
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 5RQ: What property prevents the ligands of cell-surface receptors from entering the cell? The molecules...
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The basic elements or molecules of cell signaling
I. second messengers - substances that enhances or inhibits activities of other proteins
II. effectors - are usually enzymes that catalyzes formation of the second messenger
III. receptors - cell membrane transmembrane proteins that interacts with ligands outside the cell
IV. first messengers - usually are ligands outside the cell and interacts with transmembrane protein receptors
I, III, IV only |
||
II, III, IV only |
||
I, II, III, IV |
||
I, II, III only |
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