High numbers of “good” bacteria are foundin the intestine and on the skin. The immune system needs to protect these areasfrom invading microbes, but cannot respond as strongly to the normal microflorawithout causing problems. What are somepossible ways that immune cells coulddistinguish “good” from “bad” bacteria?

High numbers of “good” bacteria are foundin the intestine and on the skin. The immune system needs to protect these areasfrom invading microbes, but cannot respond as strongly to the normal microflorawithout causing problems. What are somepossible ways that immune cells coulddistinguish “good” from “bad” bacteria?

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter12: Body Defenses

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ACR

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Because of overuse of antibiotics and/or weakened governmental surveillance of infectious disease, several diseasesthat had been thought to be no longer a threat to humanhealth (e.g., pneumonia and tuberculosis) are rapidly becoming unmanageable. In several instances, so-called superbugs(microorganisms that are resistant to almost all known antibiotics) have been detected. How did this circumstancearise? What will happen if this process continues?
The figure below shows antibodies bound to repetitive epitopes on the surface of a bacterial pathogen. Even though all of these epitopes are identical, not all of them have antibodies bound to them. The most likely explanation for this failure of antibodies to bind to every possible epitope on the surface of the pathogen is: There is an insufficient amount of antibody to saturate all the epitopes. The pathogen has an immune evasion strategy to avoid antibody binding to all epitopes. Some of the epitopes cannot bind antibody due to steric hindrance. The antibodies are only able to bind when both antigen-binding sites are engaged on the pathogen surface. The epitopes on the pathogen are not all in the same conformation, so not all will bind the same antibody.
What term is used to describe the unique molecules found onthe surface of different pathogens?
What are the listthe host immune defenses that the microbe would have to overcome to be successful at causing disease?
Several pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Bacillus anthracis, the causeof anthrax) produce an outermost mucoid layer called a capsule. Capsules may be composed of polysaccharide or protein.What effect do you think this “coat” would have on a bacterium’s interactions with a host animal’s immune system?
Our environment contains masses of microorganisms, many of which reside as commensal organisms on our body’s mucosal and epithelial surfaces without causing disease. What two features distinguish a pathogenic microbe from these commensal microbes?
The material which is the result of the battle between macrophages and invading microbes is called ___. It is a yellow or greenish semi-liquid.
Which of the following is an example of a chemical barrier to infection? Cellular junctions Mucosal membranes Defensins O Skin
1. Mucous membranes are barriers against colonization and growthof microorganisms. However, mucous membranes, for examplein the mouth and gut, are colonized with a variety of differentmicroorganisms, some of which are potential pathogens. Explainhow these potential pathogens are controlled under normalcircumstances. Then describe at least one set of circumstances thatmight encourage pathogenicity.
Now, in this time of pandemic , brought about by corona virus, the entire world is lookingfor the most effective vaccine. Effectiveness cannot be guaranteed for vaccines unless they havebeen stored at the correct temperature.Different local government units are preparing their facility for the coming of their purchasedvaccines. Why is it important to maintain the required temperature in the storage facilities of thisvaccines?
Which of the following does not belong to the group? Antimicrobial proteins Resident microflora Inflammatory response Phagocytes
The process where antibody will cause microbes to be connected together so they can no longer cause infection is called: excision inactivation coarctation agglutination