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Explain why the large intestine contains many microbes and the
beneficial effects of these microbes.
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- Many organisms in the Enterobacteriaceae family are part of the human gut flora. How does gut flora gain entry into the body? Give at least three examples.Discuss why the tunica mucosa in the colon has a high percentage of goblet cells to produce mucin.Explain how Vibrio cholerae causes cholera without apparent damage to the intestinal epithelium. a. This microbe attaches to the surface of intestinal epithelial cells, producing an endotoxin that causes the epithelium to secrete potassium ions. This induces small amounts of water to follow by osmosis, resulting in the watery rice-stool characteristic of the illness. b. This microbe causes destruction of the cellular structures underneath the intestinal epithelium—this is what induces the watery rice-stool characteristic of the illness. This leaves the overlying intestinal epithelium intact. c. This microbe directly invades the intestinal epithelial cells, but does not kill them. Instead, while multiplying inside them, it causes them to secrete large amounts of chloride ions. This induces water to follow by osmosis, resulting in the watery rice-stool characteristic of the illness. d. This microbe attaches to the surface of intestinal epithelial cells, producing an exotoxin…
- Direct contact between intestinal bacteria and the epithelial cell surface is minimized by ?Explain how the organs in the GI tract can protect themselves from being digested by theenzymes they produce or from mechanical abrasions.E.coli is part of the normal microbiota of the intestines and can cause gastroenteritis. Explain why this one bacterial species is both beneficial and harmful.
- Gas released from oligosaccharide metabolism by intestinal bacteria is :; Carbon dioxide Sulfur dioxide Nitric oxide methaneHow might a person be affected if all the microorganisms living in their intestines died?A young child runs a fever of 40’C for 24 hours. Explain what effect this may have on his digestion and the breakdown of carbohydrates.
- Explain why a person with overt symptoms of intestinal Entamoebahistolytica infection is unlikely to transmit infection to others.Trace the route of bile salts and acids from formation to recycling.what is mechanism of Alcoholic fatty liver diseases and also the inflammation steps to them in detail. ( 500-1000 words)